2 * Compaq Hot Plug Controller Driver
4 * Copyright (c) 1995,2001 Compaq Computer Corporation
5 * Copyright (c) 2001 Greg Kroah-Hartman (greg@kroah.com)
6 * Copyright (c) 2001 IBM
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
13 * your option) any later version.
15 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
16 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 * MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, GOOD TITLE or
18 * NON INFRINGEMENT. See the GNU General Public License for more
21 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
23 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
25 * Send feedback to <greg@kroah.com>
31 #include "pci_hotplug.h"
32 #include <asm/io.h> /* for read? and write? functions */
35 #if !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_PCI_COMPAQ_MODULE)
36 #define MY_NAME "cpqphp.o"
38 #define MY_NAME THIS_MODULE->name
41 #define dbg(fmt, arg...) do { if (cpqhp_debug) printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s: " fmt , MY_NAME , ## arg); } while (0)
42 #define err(format, arg...) printk(KERN_ERR "%s: " format , MY_NAME , ## arg)
43 #define info(format, arg...) printk(KERN_INFO "%s: " format , MY_NAME , ## arg)
44 #define warn(format, arg...) printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: " format , MY_NAME , ## arg)
48 struct smbios_system_slot {
55 u8 slot_current_usage;
60 } __attribute__ ((packed));
62 /* offsets to the smbios generic type based on the above structure layout */
63 enum smbios_system_slot_offsets {
64 SMBIOS_SLOT_GENERIC_TYPE = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, type),
65 SMBIOS_SLOT_GENERIC_LENGTH = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, length),
66 SMBIOS_SLOT_GENERIC_HANDLE = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, handle),
67 SMBIOS_SLOT_NAME_STRING_NUM = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, name_string_num),
68 SMBIOS_SLOT_TYPE = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, slot_type),
69 SMBIOS_SLOT_WIDTH = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, slot_width),
70 SMBIOS_SLOT_CURRENT_USAGE = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, slot_current_usage),
71 SMBIOS_SLOT_LENGTH = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, slot_length),
72 SMBIOS_SLOT_NUMBER = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, slot_number),
73 SMBIOS_SLOT_PROPERTIES1 = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, properties1),
74 SMBIOS_SLOT_PROPERTIES2 = offsetof(struct smbios_system_slot, properties2),
77 struct smbios_generic {
81 } __attribute__ ((packed));
83 /* offsets to the smbios generic type based on the above structure layout */
84 enum smbios_generic_offsets {
85 SMBIOS_GENERIC_TYPE = offsetof(struct smbios_generic, type),
86 SMBIOS_GENERIC_LENGTH = offsetof(struct smbios_generic, length),
87 SMBIOS_GENERIC_HANDLE = offsetof(struct smbios_generic, handle),
90 struct smbios_entry_point {
103 u16 number_of_entrys;
105 } __attribute__ ((packed));
107 /* offsets to the smbios entry point based on the above structure layout */
108 enum smbios_entry_point_offsets {
109 ANCHOR = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, anchor[0]),
110 EP_CHECKSUM = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, ep_checksum),
111 EP_LENGTH = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, ep_length),
112 MAJOR_VERSION = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, major_version),
113 MINOR_VERSION = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, minor_version),
114 MAX_SIZE_ENTRY = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, max_size_entry),
115 EP_REV = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, ep_rev),
116 INT_ANCHOR = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, int_anchor[0]),
117 INT_CHECKSUM = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, int_checksum),
118 ST_LENGTH = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, st_length),
119 ST_ADDRESS = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, st_address),
120 NUMBER_OF_ENTRYS = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, number_of_entrys),
121 BCD_REV = offsetof(struct smbios_entry_point, bcd_rev),
124 struct ctrl_reg { /* offset */
125 u8 slot_RST; /* 0x00 */
126 u8 slot_enable; /* 0x01 */
128 u32 led_control; /* 0x04 */
129 u32 int_input_clear; /* 0x08 */
130 u32 int_mask; /* 0x0a */
131 u8 reserved0; /* 0x10 */
132 u8 reserved1; /* 0x11 */
133 u8 reserved2; /* 0x12 */
134 u8 gen_output_AB; /* 0x13 */
135 u32 non_int_input; /* 0x14 */
136 u32 reserved3; /* 0x18 */
137 u32 reserved4; /* 0x1a */
138 u32 reserved5; /* 0x20 */
139 u8 reserved6; /* 0x24 */
140 u8 reserved7; /* 0x25 */
141 u16 reserved8; /* 0x26 */
142 u8 slot_mask; /* 0x28 */
143 u8 reserved9; /* 0x29 */
144 u8 reserved10; /* 0x2a */
145 u8 reserved11; /* 0x2b */
146 u8 slot_SERR; /* 0x2c */
147 u8 slot_power; /* 0x2d */
148 } __attribute__ ((packed));
150 /* offsets to the controller registers based on the above structure layout */
152 SLOT_RST = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, slot_RST),
153 SLOT_ENABLE = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, slot_enable),
154 MISC = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, misc),
155 LED_CONTROL = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, led_control),
156 INT_INPUT_CLEAR = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, int_input_clear),
157 INT_MASK = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, int_mask),
158 CTRL_RESERVED0 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved0),
159 CTRL_RESERVED1 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved1),
160 CTRL_RESERVED2 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved1),
161 GEN_OUTPUT_AB = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, gen_output_AB),
162 NON_INT_INPUT = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, non_int_input),
163 CTRL_RESERVED3 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved3),
164 CTRL_RESERVED4 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved4),
165 CTRL_RESERVED5 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved5),
166 CTRL_RESERVED6 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved6),
167 CTRL_RESERVED7 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved7),
168 CTRL_RESERVED8 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved8),
169 SLOT_MASK = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, slot_mask),
170 CTRL_RESERVED9 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved9),
171 CTRL_RESERVED10 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved10),
172 CTRL_RESERVED11 = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, reserved11),
173 SLOT_SERR = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, slot_SERR),
174 SLOT_POWER = offsetof(struct ctrl_reg, slot_power),
184 u8 number_of_entries;
188 } __attribute__ ((packed));
190 /* offsets to the hotplug resource table registers based on the above structure layout */
192 SIG0 = offsetof(struct hrt, sig0),
193 SIG1 = offsetof(struct hrt, sig1),
194 SIG2 = offsetof(struct hrt, sig2),
195 SIG3 = offsetof(struct hrt, sig3),
196 UNUSED_IRQ = offsetof(struct hrt, unused_IRQ),
197 PCIIRQ = offsetof(struct hrt, PCIIRQ),
198 NUMBER_OF_ENTRIES = offsetof(struct hrt, number_of_entries),
199 REVISION = offsetof(struct hrt, revision),
200 HRT_RESERVED1 = offsetof(struct hrt, reserved1),
201 HRT_RESERVED2 = offsetof(struct hrt, reserved2),
215 } __attribute__ ((packed));
217 /* offsets to the hotplug slot resource table registers based on the above structure layout */
218 enum slot_rt_offsets {
219 DEV_FUNC = offsetof(struct slot_rt, dev_func),
220 PRIMARY_BUS = offsetof(struct slot_rt, primary_bus),
221 SECONDARY_BUS = offsetof(struct slot_rt, secondary_bus),
222 MAX_BUS = offsetof(struct slot_rt, max_bus),
223 IO_BASE = offsetof(struct slot_rt, io_base),
224 IO_LENGTH = offsetof(struct slot_rt, io_length),
225 MEM_BASE = offsetof(struct slot_rt, mem_base),
226 MEM_LENGTH = offsetof(struct slot_rt, mem_length),
227 PRE_MEM_BASE = offsetof(struct slot_rt, pre_mem_base),
228 PRE_MEM_LENGTH = offsetof(struct slot_rt, pre_mem_length),
232 struct pci_func *next;
241 u32 base_length[0x06];
244 u32 config_space[0x20];
245 struct pci_resource *mem_head;
246 struct pci_resource *p_mem_head;
247 struct pci_resource *io_head;
248 struct pci_resource *bus_head;
249 struct timer_list *p_task_event;
250 struct pci_dev* pci_dev;
253 #define SLOT_MAGIC 0x67267321
267 struct timer_list task_event;
269 struct controller *ctrl;
271 struct hotplug_slot *hotplug_slot;
274 struct pci_resource {
275 struct pci_resource * next;
286 struct controller *next;
288 struct semaphore crit_sect; /* critical section semaphore */
289 void *hpc_reg; /* cookie for our pci controller location */
290 struct pci_resource *mem_head;
291 struct pci_resource *p_mem_head;
292 struct pci_resource *io_head;
293 struct pci_resource *bus_head;
294 struct pci_dev *pci_dev;
295 struct pci_ops *pci_ops;
296 struct proc_dir_entry* proc_entry;
297 struct proc_dir_entry* proc_entry2;
298 struct event_info event_queue[10];
306 u8 slot_device_offset;
310 enum pci_bus_speed speed;
311 enum pci_bus_speed speed_capability;
312 u8 push_button; /* 0 = no pushbutton, 1 = pushbutton present */
313 u8 slot_switch_type; /* 0 = no switch, 1 = switch present */
314 u8 defeature_PHP; /* 0 = PHP not supported, 1 = PHP supported */
315 u8 alternate_base_address; /* 0 = not supported, 1 = supported */
316 u8 pci_config_space; /* Index/data access to working registers 0 = not supported, 1 = supported */
317 u8 pcix_speed_capability; /* PCI-X */
318 u8 pcix_support; /* PCI-X */
322 struct tq_struct int_task_event;
323 wait_queue_head_t queue; /* sleep & wake process */
332 struct resource_lists {
333 struct pci_resource *mem_head;
334 struct pci_resource *p_mem_head;
335 struct pci_resource *io_head;
336 struct pci_resource *bus_head;
337 struct irq_mapping *irqs;
340 #define ROM_PHY_ADDR 0x0F0000
341 #define ROM_PHY_LEN 0x00ffff
343 #define PCI_HPC_ID 0xA0F7
344 #define PCI_SUB_HPC_ID 0xA2F7
345 #define PCI_SUB_HPC_ID2 0xA2F8
346 #define PCI_SUB_HPC_ID3 0xA2F9
347 #define PCI_SUB_HPC_ID_INTC 0xA2FA
349 #define INT_BUTTON_IGNORE 0
350 #define INT_PRESENCE_ON 1
351 #define INT_PRESENCE_OFF 2
352 #define INT_SWITCH_CLOSE 3
353 #define INT_SWITCH_OPEN 4
354 #define INT_POWER_FAULT 5
355 #define INT_POWER_FAULT_CLEAR 6
356 #define INT_BUTTON_PRESS 7
357 #define INT_BUTTON_RELEASE 8
358 #define INT_BUTTON_CANCEL 9
360 #define STATIC_STATE 0
361 #define BLINKINGON_STATE 1
362 #define BLINKINGOFF_STATE 2
363 #define POWERON_STATE 3
364 #define POWEROFF_STATE 4
366 #define PCISLOT_INTERLOCK_CLOSED 0x00000001
367 #define PCISLOT_ADAPTER_PRESENT 0x00000002
368 #define PCISLOT_POWERED 0x00000004
369 #define PCISLOT_66_MHZ_OPERATION 0x00000008
370 #define PCISLOT_64_BIT_OPERATION 0x00000010
371 #define PCISLOT_REPLACE_SUPPORTED 0x00000020
372 #define PCISLOT_ADD_SUPPORTED 0x00000040
373 #define PCISLOT_INTERLOCK_SUPPORTED 0x00000080
374 #define PCISLOT_66_MHZ_SUPPORTED 0x00000100
375 #define PCISLOT_64_BIT_SUPPORTED 0x00000200
379 #define PCI_TO_PCI_BRIDGE_CLASS 0x00060400
382 #define INTERLOCK_OPEN 0x00000002
383 #define ADD_NOT_SUPPORTED 0x00000003
384 #define CARD_FUNCTIONING 0x00000005
385 #define ADAPTER_NOT_SAME 0x00000006
386 #define NO_ADAPTER_PRESENT 0x00000009
387 #define NOT_ENOUGH_RESOURCES 0x0000000B
388 #define DEVICE_TYPE_NOT_SUPPORTED 0x0000000C
389 #define POWER_FAILURE 0x0000000E
391 #define REMOVE_NOT_SUPPORTED 0x00000003
397 #define msg_initialization_err "Initialization failure, error=%d\n"
398 #define msg_HPC_rev_error "Unsupported revision of the PCI hot plug controller found.\n"
399 #define msg_HPC_non_compaq_or_intel "The PCI hot plug controller is not supported by this driver.\n"
400 #define msg_HPC_not_supported "this system is not supported by this version of cpqphpd. Upgrade to a newer version of cpqphpd\n"
401 #define msg_unable_to_save "unable to store PCI hot plug add resource information. This system must be rebooted before adding any PCI devices.\n"
402 #define msg_button_on "PCI slot #%d - powering on due to button press.\n"
403 #define msg_button_off "PCI slot #%d - powering off due to button press.\n"
404 #define msg_button_cancel "PCI slot #%d - action canceled due to button press.\n"
405 #define msg_button_ignore "PCI slot #%d - button press ignored. (action in progress...)\n"
408 /* Proc functions for the hotplug controller info */
409 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
410 extern int cpqhp_proc_init_ctrl (void);
411 extern int cpqhp_proc_destroy_ctrl (void);
412 extern int cpqhp_proc_create_ctrl (struct controller *ctrl);
413 extern int cpqhp_proc_remove_ctrl (struct controller *ctrl);
415 static inline int cpqhp_proc_init_ctrl (void)
419 static inline int cpqhp_proc_destroy_ctrl (void)
423 static inline int cpqhp_proc_create_ctrl (struct controller *ctrl)
427 static inline int cpqhp_proc_remove_ctrl (struct controller *ctrl)
434 /* controller functions */
435 extern void cpqhp_pushbutton_thread (unsigned long event_pointer);
436 extern void cpqhp_ctrl_intr (int IRQ, struct controller *ctrl_input, struct pt_regs *regs);
437 extern int cpqhp_find_available_resources (struct controller *ctrl, void *rom_start);
438 extern int cpqhp_event_start_thread (void);
439 extern void cpqhp_event_stop_thread (void);
440 extern struct pci_func *cpqhp_slot_create (unsigned char busnumber);
441 extern struct pci_func *cpqhp_slot_find (unsigned char bus, unsigned char device, unsigned char index);
442 extern int cpqhp_process_SI (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func *func);
443 extern int cpqhp_process_SS (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func *func);
444 extern int cpqhp_hardware_test (struct controller *ctrl, int test_num);
446 /* resource functions */
447 extern int cpqhp_resource_sort_and_combine (struct pci_resource **head);
450 extern int cpqhp_set_irq (u8 bus_num, u8 dev_num, u8 int_pin, u8 irq_num);
451 extern int cpqhp_get_bus_dev (struct controller *ctrl, u8 *bus_num, u8 *dev_num, u8 slot);
452 extern int cpqhp_save_config (struct controller *ctrl, int busnumber, int is_hot_plug);
453 extern int cpqhp_save_base_addr_length (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func * func);
454 extern int cpqhp_save_used_resources (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func * func);
455 extern int cpqhp_configure_board (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func * func);
456 extern int cpqhp_save_slot_config (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func * new_slot);
457 extern int cpqhp_valid_replace (struct controller *ctrl, struct pci_func * func);
458 extern void cpqhp_destroy_board_resources (struct pci_func * func);
459 extern int cpqhp_return_board_resources (struct pci_func * func, struct resource_lists * resources);
460 extern void cpqhp_destroy_resource_list (struct resource_lists * resources);
461 extern int cpqhp_configure_device (struct controller* ctrl, struct pci_func* func);
462 extern int cpqhp_unconfigure_device (struct pci_func* func);
465 /* Global variables */
466 extern int cpqhp_debug;
467 extern struct controller *cpqhp_ctrl_list;
468 extern struct pci_func *cpqhp_slot_list[256];
470 /* these can be gotten rid of, but for debugging they are purty */
471 extern u8 cpqhp_nic_irq;
472 extern u8 cpqhp_disk_irq;
476 /* inline functions */
479 /* Inline functions to check the sanity of a pointer that is passed to us */
480 static inline int slot_paranoia_check (struct slot *slot, const char *function)
483 dbg("%s - slot == NULL", function);
486 if (slot->magic != SLOT_MAGIC) {
487 dbg("%s - bad magic number for slot", function);
490 if (!slot->hotplug_slot) {
491 dbg("%s - slot->hotplug_slot == NULL!", function);
497 static inline struct slot *get_slot (struct hotplug_slot *hotplug_slot, const char *function)
502 dbg("%s - hotplug_slot == NULL\n", function);
506 slot = (struct slot *)hotplug_slot->private;
507 if (slot_paranoia_check (slot, function))
515 * Puts node back in the resource list pointed to by head
518 static inline void return_resource (struct pci_resource **head, struct pci_resource *node)
526 static inline void set_SOGO (struct controller *ctrl)
530 misc = readw(ctrl->hpc_reg + MISC);
531 misc = (misc | 0x0001) & 0xFFFB;
532 writew(misc, ctrl->hpc_reg + MISC);
536 static inline void amber_LED_on (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
540 led_control = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
541 led_control |= (0x01010000L << slot);
542 writel(led_control, ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
546 static inline void amber_LED_off (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
550 led_control = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
551 led_control &= ~(0x01010000L << slot);
552 writel(led_control, ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
556 static inline int read_amber_LED (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
560 led_control = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
561 led_control &= (0x01010000L << slot);
563 return led_control ? 1 : 0;
567 static inline void green_LED_on (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
571 led_control = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
572 led_control |= 0x0101L << slot;
573 writel(led_control, ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
576 static inline void green_LED_off (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
580 led_control = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
581 led_control &= ~(0x0101L << slot);
582 writel(led_control, ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
586 static inline void green_LED_blink (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
590 led_control = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
591 led_control |= (0x0001L << slot);
592 writel(led_control, ctrl->hpc_reg + LED_CONTROL);
596 static inline void slot_disable (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
600 slot_enable = readb(ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_ENABLE);
601 slot_enable &= ~(0x01 << slot);
602 writeb(slot_enable, ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_ENABLE);
606 static inline void slot_enable (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
610 slot_enable = readb(ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_ENABLE);
611 slot_enable |= (0x01 << slot);
612 writeb(slot_enable, ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_ENABLE);
616 static inline u8 is_slot_enabled (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
620 slot_enable = readb(ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_ENABLE);
621 slot_enable &= (0x01 << slot);
622 return slot_enable ? 1 : 0;
626 static inline u8 read_slot_enable (struct controller *ctrl)
628 return readb(ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_ENABLE);
632 static inline u8 get_controller_speed (struct controller *ctrl)
636 misc = readw(ctrl->hpc_reg + MISC);
637 return (misc & 0x0800) ? PCI_SPEED_66MHz : PCI_SPEED_33MHz;
641 static inline void enable_slot_power (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
645 slot_power = readb(ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_POWER);
646 slot_power |= (0x01 << slot);
647 writeb(slot_power, ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_POWER);
650 static inline void disable_slot_power (struct controller *ctrl, u8 slot)
654 slot_power = readb(ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_POWER);
655 slot_power &= ~(0x01 << slot);
656 writeb(slot_power, ctrl->hpc_reg + SLOT_POWER);
660 static inline int cpq_get_attention_status (struct controller *ctrl, struct slot *slot)
667 hp_slot = slot->device - ctrl->slot_device_offset;
669 return read_amber_LED (ctrl, hp_slot);
673 static inline int get_slot_enabled (struct controller *ctrl, struct slot *slot)
680 hp_slot = slot->device - ctrl->slot_device_offset;
682 return is_slot_enabled (ctrl, hp_slot);
686 static inline int cpq_get_latch_status (struct controller *ctrl, struct slot *slot)
694 hp_slot = slot->device - ctrl->slot_device_offset;
695 dbg(__FUNCTION__": slot->device = %d, ctrl->slot_device_offset = %d \n", slot->device, ctrl->slot_device_offset);
697 status = (readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + INT_INPUT_CLEAR) & (0x01L << hp_slot));
699 return(status == 0) ? 1 : 0;
703 static inline int get_presence_status (struct controller *ctrl, struct slot *slot)
705 int presence_save = 0;
712 hp_slot = slot->device - ctrl->slot_device_offset;
714 tempdword = readl(ctrl->hpc_reg + INT_INPUT_CLEAR);
715 presence_save = (int) ((((~tempdword) >> 23) | ((~tempdword) >> 15)) >> hp_slot) & 0x02;
717 return presence_save;
720 #define SLOT_NAME_SIZE 10
722 static inline void make_slot_name (char *buffer, int buffer_size, struct slot *slot)
724 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "%d", slot->number);
728 static inline int wait_for_ctrl_irq (struct controller *ctrl)
730 DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
733 dbg(__FUNCTION__" - start\n");
734 add_wait_queue(&ctrl->queue, &wait);
735 set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
736 /* Sleep for up to 1 second to wait for the LED to change. */
737 schedule_timeout(1*HZ);
738 set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
739 remove_wait_queue(&ctrl->queue, &wait);
740 if (signal_pending(current))
743 dbg(__FUNCTION__" - end\n");