4 Copyright 2008, 2009 Michel Pollet <buserror@gmail.com>
6 This file is part of simavr.
8 simavr is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 simavr is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with simavr. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
28 #include "avr_flash.h"
29 #include "avr_watchdog.h"
32 const char * _sreg_bit_name = "cznvshti";
35 * Handle "touching" registers, marking them changed.
36 * This is used only for debugging purposes to be able to
37 * print the effects of each instructions on registers
39 #if CONFIG_SIMAVR_TRACE
43 #define REG_TOUCH(a, r) (a)->touched[(r) >> 5] |= (1 << ((r) & 0x1f))
44 #define REG_ISTOUCHED(a, r) ((a)->touched[(r) >> 5] & (1 << ((r) & 0x1f)))
47 * This allows a "special case" to skip indtruction tracing when in these
48 * symbols. since printf() is useful to have, but generates a lot of cycles
50 int dont_trace(const char * name)
53 !strcmp(name, "uart_putchar") ||
54 !strcmp(name, "fputc") ||
55 !strcmp(name, "printf") ||
56 !strcmp(name, "vfprintf") ||
57 !strcmp(name, "__ultoa_invert") ||
58 !strcmp(name, "__prologue_saves__") ||
59 !strcmp(name, "__epilogue_restores__"));
64 #define STATE(_f, args...) { \
66 if (avr->codeline && avr->codeline[avr->pc>>1]) {\
67 const char * symn = avr->codeline[avr->pc>>1]->symbol; \
68 int dont = 0 && dont_trace(symn);\
69 if (dont!=donttrace) { \
74 printf("%04x: %-25s " _f, avr->pc, symn, ## args);\
76 printf("%s: %04x: " _f, __FUNCTION__, avr->pc, ## args);\
79 #define SREG() if (avr->trace && donttrace == 0) {\
80 printf("%04x: \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSREG = ", avr->pc); \
81 for (int _sbi = 0; _sbi < 8; _sbi++)\
82 printf("%c", avr->sreg[_sbi] ? toupper(_sreg_bit_name[_sbi]) : '.');\
87 #define REG_TOUCH(a, r)
88 #define STATE(_f, args...)
92 void avr_core_watch_write(avr_t *avr, uint16_t addr, uint8_t v)
94 if (addr > avr->ramend) {
95 printf("*** Invalid write address PC=%04x SP=%04x O=%04x Address %04x=%02x out of ram\n",
96 avr->pc, _avr_sp_get(avr), avr->flash[avr->pc] | (avr->flash[avr->pc]<<8), addr, v);
100 printf("*** Invalid write address PC=%04x SP=%04x O=%04x Address %04x=%02x low registers\n",
101 avr->pc, _avr_sp_get(avr), avr->flash[avr->pc] | (avr->flash[avr->pc]<<8), addr, v);
106 * this checks that the current "function" is not doctoring the stack frame that is located
107 * higher on the stack than it should be. It's a sign of code that has overrun it's stack
108 * frame and is munching on it's own return address.
110 if (avr->stack_frame_index > 1 && addr > avr->stack_frame[avr->stack_frame_index-2].sp) {
111 printf("\e[31m%04x : munching stack SP %04x, A=%04x <= %02x\e[0m\n", avr->pc, _avr_sp_get(avr), addr, v);
117 uint8_t avr_core_watch_read(avr_t *avr, uint16_t addr)
119 if (addr > avr->ramend) {
120 printf("*** Invalid read address PC=%04x SP=%04x O=%04x Address %04x out of ram (%04x)\n",
121 avr->pc, _avr_sp_get(avr), avr->flash[avr->pc] | (avr->flash[avr->pc]<<8), addr, avr->ramend);
124 return avr->data[addr];
128 * Set a register (r < 256)
129 * if it's an IO regisrer (> 31) also (try to) call any callback that was
130 * registered to track changes to that register.
132 static inline void _avr_set_r(avr_t * avr, uint8_t r, uint8_t v)
137 avr->data[R_SREG] = v;
139 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
140 avr->sreg[i] = (v & (1 << i)) != 0;
144 uint8_t io = AVR_DATA_TO_IO(r);
146 avr->io[io].w.c(avr, r, v, avr->io[io].w.param);
149 if (avr->io[io].irq) {
150 avr_raise_irq(avr->io[io].irq + AVR_IOMEM_IRQ_ALL, v);
151 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
152 avr_raise_irq(avr->io[io].irq + i, (v >> i) & 1);
159 * Stack pointer access
161 inline uint16_t _avr_sp_get(avr_t * avr)
163 return avr->data[R_SPL] | (avr->data[R_SPH] << 8);
166 inline void _avr_sp_set(avr_t * avr, uint16_t sp)
168 _avr_set_r(avr, R_SPL, sp);
169 _avr_set_r(avr, R_SPH, sp >> 8);
173 * Set any address to a value; split between registers and SRAM
175 static inline void _avr_set_ram(avr_t * avr, uint16_t addr, uint8_t v)
178 _avr_set_r(avr, addr, v);
180 avr_core_watch_write(avr, addr, v);
184 * Get a value from SRAM.
186 static inline uint8_t _avr_get_ram(avr_t * avr, uint16_t addr)
188 if (addr == R_SREG) {
190 * SREG is special it's reconstructed when read
191 * while the core itself uses the "shortcut" array
193 avr->data[R_SREG] = 0;
194 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
195 if (avr->sreg[i] > 1) {
196 printf("** Invalid SREG!!\n");
198 } else if (avr->sreg[i])
199 avr->data[R_SREG] |= (1 << i);
201 } else if (addr > 31 && addr < 256) {
202 uint8_t io = AVR_DATA_TO_IO(addr);
205 avr->data[addr] = avr->io[io].r.c(avr, addr, avr->io[io].r.param);
207 if (avr->io[io].irq) {
208 uint8_t v = avr->data[addr];
209 avr_raise_irq(avr->io[io].irq + AVR_IOMEM_IRQ_ALL, v);
210 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
211 avr_raise_irq(avr->io[io].irq + i, (v >> i) & 1);
214 return avr_core_watch_read(avr, addr);
218 * Stack push accessors. Push/pop 8 and 16 bits
220 static inline void _avr_push8(avr_t * avr, uint16_t v)
222 uint16_t sp = _avr_sp_get(avr);
223 _avr_set_ram(avr, sp, v);
224 _avr_sp_set(avr, sp-1);
227 static inline uint8_t _avr_pop8(avr_t * avr)
229 uint16_t sp = _avr_sp_get(avr) + 1;
230 uint8_t res = _avr_get_ram(avr, sp);
231 _avr_sp_set(avr, sp);
235 inline void _avr_push16(avr_t * avr, uint16_t v)
238 _avr_push8(avr, v >> 8);
241 static inline uint16_t _avr_pop16(avr_t * avr)
243 uint16_t res = _avr_pop8(avr) << 8;
244 res |= _avr_pop8(avr);
249 * "Pretty" register names
251 const char * reg_names[255] = {
252 [R_XH] = "XH", [R_XL] = "XL",
253 [R_YH] = "YH", [R_YL] = "YL",
254 [R_ZH] = "ZH", [R_ZL] = "ZL",
255 [R_SPH] = "SPH", [R_SPL] = "SPL",
260 const char * avr_regname(uint8_t reg)
262 if (!reg_names[reg]) {
265 sprintf(tt, "r%d", reg);
267 sprintf(tt, "io:%02x", reg);
268 reg_names[reg] = strdup(tt);
270 return reg_names[reg];
274 * Called when an invalid opcode is decoded
276 static void _avr_invalid_opcode(avr_t * avr)
278 #if CONFIG_SIMAVR_TRACE
279 printf("\e[31m*** %04x: %-25s Invalid Opcode SP=%04x O=%04x \e[0m\n",
280 avr->pc, avr->codeline[avr->pc>>1]->symbol, _avr_sp_get(avr), avr->flash[avr->pc] | (avr->flash[avr->pc+1]<<8));
282 printf("\e[31m*** %04x: Invalid Opcode SP=%04x O=%04x \e[0m\n",
283 avr->pc, _avr_sp_get(avr), avr->flash[avr->pc] | (avr->flash[avr->pc+1]<<8));
287 #if CONFIG_SIMAVR_TRACE
289 * Dump changed registers when tracing
291 void avr_dump_state(avr_t * avr)
293 if (!avr->trace || donttrace)
298 for (int r = 0; r < 3 && !doit; r++)
304 const int r16[] = { R_SPL, R_XL, R_YL, R_ZL };
305 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
306 if (REG_ISTOUCHED(avr, r16[i]) || REG_ISTOUCHED(avr, r16[i]+1)) {
307 REG_TOUCH(avr, r16[i]);
308 REG_TOUCH(avr, r16[i]+1);
311 for (int i = 0; i < 3*32; i++)
312 if (REG_ISTOUCHED(avr, i)) {
313 printf("%s=%02x ", avr_regname(i), avr->data[i]);
319 #define get_r_d_10(o) \
320 const uint8_t r = ((o >> 5) & 0x10) | (o & 0xf); \
321 const uint8_t d = (o >> 4) & 0x1f;\
322 const uint8_t vd = avr->data[d], vr = avr->data[r];
323 #define get_k_r16(o) \
324 const uint8_t r = 16 + ((o >> 4) & 0xf); \
325 const uint8_t k = ((o & 0x0f00) >> 4) | (o & 0xf);
328 * Add a "jump" address to the jump trace buffer
330 #if CONFIG_SIMAVR_TRACE
331 #define TRACE_JUMP()\
332 avr->old[avr->old_pci].pc = avr->pc;\
333 avr->old[avr->old_pci].sp = _avr_sp_get(avr);\
334 avr->old_pci = (avr->old_pci + 1) & (OLD_PC_SIZE-1);\
337 #define STACK_FRAME_PUSH()\
338 avr->stack_frame[avr->stack_frame_index].pc = avr->pc;\
339 avr->stack_frame[avr->stack_frame_index].sp = _avr_sp_get(avr);\
340 avr->stack_frame_index++;
341 #define STACK_FRAME_POP()\
342 if (avr->stack_frame_index > 0) \
343 avr->stack_frame_index--;
345 #define STACK_FRAME_PUSH()
346 #define STACK_FRAME_POP()
348 #else /* CONFIG_SIMAVR_TRACE */
351 #define STACK_FRAME_PUSH()
352 #define STACK_FRAME_POP()
356 /****************************************************************************\
358 * Helper functions for calculating the status register bit values.
359 * See the Atmel data sheet for the instruction set for more info.
361 \****************************************************************************/
364 get_add_carry (uint8_t res, uint8_t rd, uint8_t rr, int b)
366 uint8_t resb = res >> b & 0x1;
367 uint8_t rdb = rd >> b & 0x1;
368 uint8_t rrb = rr >> b & 0x1;
369 return (rdb & rrb) | (rrb & ~resb) | (~resb & rdb);
373 get_add_overflow (uint8_t res, uint8_t rd, uint8_t rr)
375 uint8_t res7 = res >> 7 & 0x1;
376 uint8_t rd7 = rd >> 7 & 0x1;
377 uint8_t rr7 = rr >> 7 & 0x1;
378 return (rd7 & rr7 & ~res7) | (~rd7 & ~rr7 & res7);
382 get_sub_carry (uint8_t res, uint8_t rd, uint8_t rr, int b)
384 uint8_t resb = res >> b & 0x1;
385 uint8_t rdb = rd >> b & 0x1;
386 uint8_t rrb = rr >> b & 0x1;
387 return (~rdb & rrb) | (rrb & resb) | (resb & ~rdb);
391 get_sub_overflow (uint8_t res, uint8_t rd, uint8_t rr)
393 uint8_t res7 = res >> 7 & 0x1;
394 uint8_t rd7 = rd >> 7 & 0x1;
395 uint8_t rr7 = rr >> 7 & 0x1;
396 return (rd7 & ~rr7 & ~res7) | (~rd7 & rr7 & res7);
400 get_compare_carry (uint8_t res, uint8_t rd, uint8_t rr, int b)
402 uint8_t resb = (res >> b) & 0x1;
403 uint8_t rdb = (rd >> b) & 0x1;
404 uint8_t rrb = (rr >> b) & 0x1;
405 return (~rdb & rrb) | (rrb & resb) | (resb & ~rdb);
409 get_compare_overflow (uint8_t res, uint8_t rd, uint8_t rr)
411 res >>= 7; rd >>= 7; rr >>= 7;
412 /* The atmel data sheet says the second term is ~rd7 for CP
413 * but that doesn't make any sense. You be the judge. */
414 return (rd & ~rr & ~res) | (~rd & rr & res);
417 static inline int _avr_is_instruction_32_bits(avr_t * avr, uint32_t pc)
419 uint16_t o = (avr->flash[pc] | (avr->flash[pc+1] << 8)) & 0xfc0f;
420 return o == 0x9200 || // STS ! Store Direct to Data Space
421 o == 0x9000 || // LDS Load Direct from Data Space
422 o == 0x940c || // JMP Long Jump
423 o == 0x940d || // JMP Long Jump
424 o == 0x940e || // CALL Long Call to sub
425 o == 0x940f; // CALL Long Call to sub
429 * Main opcode decoder
431 * The decoder was written by following the datasheet in no particular order.
432 * As I went along, I noticed "bit patterns" that could be used to factor opcodes
433 * However, a lot of these only became apparent later on, so SOME instructions
434 * (skip of bit set etc) are compact, and some could use some refactoring (the ALU
435 * ones scream to be factored).
436 * I assume that the decoder could easily be 2/3 of it's current size.
438 * + It lacks the "extended" XMega jumps.
439 * + It also doesn't check whether the core it's
440 * emulating is supposed to have the fancy instructions, like multiply and such.
442 * The nunber of cycles taken by instruction has been added, but might not be
445 uint16_t avr_run_one(avr_t * avr)
447 #if CONFIG_SIMAVR_TRACE
449 * this traces spurious reset or bad jumps
451 if ((avr->pc == 0 && avr->cycle > 0) || avr->pc >= avr->codeend) {
456 avr->touched[0] = avr->touched[1] = avr->touched[2] = 0;
459 uint32_t opcode = (avr->flash[avr->pc + 1] << 8) | avr->flash[avr->pc];
460 uint32_t new_pc = avr->pc + 2; // future "default" pc
463 switch (opcode & 0xf000) {
466 case 0x0000: { // NOP
470 switch (opcode & 0xfc00) {
471 case 0x0400: { // CPC compare with carry 0000 01rd dddd rrrr
473 uint8_t res = vd - vr - avr->sreg[S_C];
474 STATE("cpc %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
477 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_compare_carry(res, vd, vr, 3);
478 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_compare_overflow(res, vd, vr);
479 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
480 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_compare_carry(res, vd, vr, 7);
481 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
484 case 0x0c00: { // ADD without carry 0000 11 rd dddd rrrr
486 uint8_t res = vd + vr;
488 STATE("lsl %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, res & 0xff);
490 STATE("add %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
492 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
493 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
494 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_add_carry(res, vd, vr, 3);
495 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_add_overflow(res, vd, vr);
496 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
497 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_add_carry(res, vd, vr, 7);
498 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
501 case 0x0800: { // SBC substract with carry 0000 10rd dddd rrrr
503 uint8_t res = vd - vr - avr->sreg[S_C];
504 STATE("sbc %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), avr->data[d], avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res);
505 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
508 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_sub_carry(res, vd, vr, 3);
509 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_sub_overflow(res, vd, vr);
510 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
511 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_sub_carry(res, vd, vr, 7);
512 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
516 switch (opcode & 0xff00) {
517 case 0x0100: { // MOVW – Copy Register Word 0000 0001 dddd rrrr
518 uint8_t d = ((opcode >> 4) & 0xf) << 1;
519 uint8_t r = ((opcode) & 0xf) << 1;
520 STATE("movw %s:%s, %s:%s[%02x%02x]\n", avr_regname(d), avr_regname(d+1), avr_regname(r), avr_regname(r+1), avr->data[r+1], avr->data[r]);
521 _avr_set_r(avr, d, avr->data[r]);
522 _avr_set_r(avr, d+1, avr->data[r+1]);
524 case 0x0200: { // MULS – Multiply Signed 0000 0010 dddd rrrr
525 int8_t r = 16 + (opcode & 0xf);
526 int8_t d = 16 + ((opcode >> 4) & 0xf);
527 int16_t res = ((int8_t)avr->data[r]) * ((int8_t)avr->data[d]);
528 STATE("muls %s[%d], %s[%02x] = %d\n", avr_regname(d), ((int8_t)avr->data[d]), avr_regname(r), ((int8_t)avr->data[r]), res);
529 _avr_set_r(avr, 0, res);
530 _avr_set_r(avr, 1, res >> 8);
531 avr->sreg[S_C] = (res >> 15) & 1;
532 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
535 case 0x0300: { // MUL Multiply 0000 0011 fddd frrr
536 int8_t r = 16 + (opcode & 0x7);
537 int8_t d = 16 + ((opcode >> 4) & 0x7);
540 T(const char * name = "";)
541 switch (opcode & 0x88) {
542 case 0x00: // MULSU – Multiply Signed Unsigned 0000 0011 0ddd 0rrr
543 res = ((uint8_t)avr->data[r]) * ((int8_t)avr->data[d]);
547 case 0x08: // FMUL Fractional Multiply Unsigned 0000 0011 0ddd 1rrr
548 res = ((uint8_t)avr->data[r]) * ((uint8_t)avr->data[d]);
553 case 0x80: // FMULS – Multiply Signed 0000 0011 1ddd 0rrr
554 res = ((int8_t)avr->data[r]) * ((int8_t)avr->data[d]);
559 case 0x88: // FMULSU – Multiply Signed Unsigned 0000 0011 1ddd 1rrr
560 res = ((uint8_t)avr->data[r]) * ((int8_t)avr->data[d]);
567 STATE("%s %s[%d], %s[%02x] = %d\n", name, avr_regname(d), ((int8_t)avr->data[d]), avr_regname(r), ((int8_t)avr->data[r]), res);
568 _avr_set_r(avr, 0, res);
569 _avr_set_r(avr, 1, res >> 8);
571 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
574 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
582 switch (opcode & 0xfc00) {
583 case 0x1800: { // SUB without carry 0000 10 rd dddd rrrr
585 uint8_t res = vd - vr;
586 STATE("sub %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
587 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
588 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
589 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_sub_carry(res, vd, vr, 3);
590 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_sub_overflow(res, vd, vr);
591 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
592 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_sub_carry(res, vd, vr, 7);
593 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
596 case 0x1000: { // CPSE Compare, skip if equal 0000 00 rd dddd rrrr
598 uint16_t res = vd == vr;
599 STATE("cpse %s[%02x], %s[%02x]\t; Will%s skip\n", avr_regname(d), avr->data[d], avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res ? "":" not");
601 if (_avr_is_instruction_32_bits(avr, new_pc)) {
602 new_pc += 4; cycle += 2;
604 new_pc += 2; cycle++;
608 case 0x1400: { // CP Compare 0000 01 rd dddd rrrr
610 uint8_t res = vd - vr;
611 STATE("cp %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
612 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
613 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_compare_carry(res, vd, vr, 3);
614 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_compare_overflow(res, vd, vr);
615 avr->sreg[S_N] = res >> 7;
616 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_compare_carry(res, vd, vr, 7);
617 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
620 case 0x1c00: { // ADD with carry 0001 11 rd dddd rrrr
622 uint8_t res = vd + vr + avr->sreg[S_C];
624 STATE("rol %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), avr->data[d], res);
626 STATE("addc %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), avr->data[d], avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res);
628 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
629 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
630 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_add_carry(res, vd, vr, 3);
631 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_add_overflow(res, vd, vr);
632 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
633 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_add_carry(res, vd, vr, 7);
634 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
637 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
642 switch (opcode & 0xfc00) {
643 case 0x2000: { // AND 0010 00rd dddd rrrr
645 uint8_t res = vd & vr;
647 STATE("tst %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(d), avr->data[d]);
649 STATE("and %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
651 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
652 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
653 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
655 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
658 case 0x2400: { // EOR 0010 01rd dddd rrrr
660 uint8_t res = vd ^ vr;
662 STATE("clr %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(d), avr->data[d]);
664 STATE("eor %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
666 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
667 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
668 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
670 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
673 case 0x2800: { // OR Logical OR 0010 10rd dddd rrrr
675 uint8_t res = vd | vr;
676 STATE("or %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
677 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
678 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
679 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
681 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
684 case 0x2c00: { // MOV 0010 11rd dddd rrrr
687 STATE("mov %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
688 _avr_set_r(avr, d, res);
690 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
694 case 0x3000: { // CPI 0011 KKKK rrrr KKKK
696 uint8_t vr = avr->data[r];
697 uint8_t res = vr - k;
698 STATE("cpi %s[%02x], 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(r), vr, k);
700 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
701 avr->sreg[S_H] = get_compare_carry(res, vr, k, 3);
702 avr->sreg[S_V] = get_compare_overflow(res, vr, k);
703 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
704 avr->sreg[S_C] = get_compare_carry(res, vr, k, 7);
705 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
709 case 0x4000: { // SBCI Subtract Immediate With Carry 0101 10 kkkk dddd kkkk
711 uint8_t vr = avr->data[r];
712 uint8_t res = vr - k - avr->sreg[S_C];
713 STATE("sbci %s[%02x], 0x%02x = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], k, res);
714 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
717 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
718 avr->sreg[S_C] = (k + avr->sreg[S_C]) > vr;
719 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
723 case 0x5000: { // SUB Subtract Immediate 0101 10 kkkk dddd kkkk
725 uint8_t vr = avr->data[r];
726 uint8_t res = vr - k;
727 STATE("subi %s[%02x], 0x%02x = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], k, res);
728 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
729 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
730 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
731 avr->sreg[S_C] = k > vr;
732 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
736 case 0x6000: { // ORI aka SBR Logical AND with Immediate 0110 kkkk dddd kkkk
738 uint8_t res = avr->data[r] | k;
739 STATE("ori %s[%02x], 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], k);
740 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
741 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
742 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
744 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
748 case 0x7000: { // ANDI Logical AND with Immediate 0111 kkkk dddd kkkk
750 uint8_t res = avr->data[r] & k;
751 STATE("andi %s[%02x], 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], k);
752 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
753 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
754 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 7) & 1;
756 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
762 switch (opcode & 0xd008) {
764 case 0x8000: { // LD (LDD) – Load Indirect using Z 10q0 qq0r rrrr 0qqq
765 uint16_t v = avr->data[R_ZL] | (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8);
766 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
767 uint8_t q = ((opcode & 0x2000) >> 8) | ((opcode & 0x0c00) >> 7) | (opcode & 0x7);
769 if (opcode & 0x0200) {
770 STATE("st (Z+%d[%04x]), %s[%02x]\n", q, v+q, avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
771 _avr_set_ram(avr, v+q, avr->data[r]);
773 STATE("ld %s, (Z+%d[%04x])=[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), q, v+q, avr->data[v+q]);
774 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, v+q));
779 case 0x8008: { // LD (LDD) – Load Indirect using Y 10q0 qq0r rrrr 1qqq
780 uint16_t v = avr->data[R_YL] | (avr->data[R_YH] << 8);
781 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
782 uint8_t q = ((opcode & 0x2000) >> 8) | ((opcode & 0x0c00) >> 7) | (opcode & 0x7);
784 if (opcode & 0x0200) {
785 STATE("st (Y+%d[%04x]), %s[%02x]\n", q, v+q, avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
786 _avr_set_ram(avr, v+q, avr->data[r]);
788 STATE("ld %s, (Y+%d[%04x])=[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), q, v+q, avr->data[v+q]);
789 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, v+q));
793 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
798 /* this is an annoying special case, but at least these lines handle all the SREG set/clear opcodes */
799 if ((opcode & 0xff0f) == 0x9408) {
800 uint8_t b = (opcode >> 4) & 7;
801 STATE("%s%c\n", opcode & 0x0080 ? "cl" : "se", _sreg_bit_name[b]);
802 avr->sreg[b] = (opcode & 0x0080) == 0;
804 } else switch (opcode) {
805 case 0x9588: { // SLEEP
807 avr->state = cpu_Sleeping;
809 case 0x9598: { // BREAK
812 // if gdb is on, we break here as in here
813 // and we do so until gdb restores the instruction
814 // that was here before
815 avr->state = cpu_StepDone;
820 case 0x95a8: { // WDR
822 avr_ioctl(avr, AVR_IOCTL_WATCHDOG_RESET, 0);
824 case 0x95e8: { // SPM
826 avr_ioctl(avr, AVR_IOCTL_FLASH_SPM, 0);
828 case 0x9409: // IJMP Indirect jump 1001 0100 0000 1001
829 case 0x9419: // EIJMP Indirect jump 1001 0100 0001 1001 bit 4 is "indirect"
830 case 0x9509: // ICALL Indirect Call to Subroutine 1001 0101 0000 1001
831 case 0x9519: { // EICALL Indirect Call to Subroutine 1001 0101 0001 1001 bit 8 is "push pc"
832 int e = opcode & 0x10;
833 int p = opcode & 0x100;
835 _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
836 uint16_t z = avr->data[R_ZL] | (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8);
838 z |= avr->data[avr->eind] << 16;
839 STATE("%si%s Z[%04x]\n", e?"e":"", p?"call":"jmp", z << 1);
842 _avr_push16(avr, new_pc >> 1);
849 case 0x9508: { // RET
850 new_pc = _avr_pop16(avr) << 1;
851 if (opcode & 0x10) // reti
854 STATE("ret%s\n", opcode & 0x10 ? "i" : "");
858 case 0x95c8: { // LPM Load Program Memory R0 <- (Z)
859 uint16_t z = avr->data[R_ZL] | (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8);
860 STATE("lpm %s, (Z[%04x])\n", avr_regname(0), z);
861 _avr_set_r(avr, 0, avr->flash[z]);
863 case 0x9408:case 0x9418:case 0x9428:case 0x9438:case 0x9448:case 0x9458:case 0x9468:
865 { // BSET 1001 0100 0ddd 1000
866 uint8_t b = (opcode >> 4) & 7;
868 STATE("bset %c\n", _sreg_bit_name[b]);
871 case 0x9488:case 0x9498:case 0x94a8:case 0x94b8:case 0x94c8:case 0x94d8:case 0x94e8:
872 case 0x94f8: // bit 7 is 'clear vs set'
873 { // BCLR 1001 0100 1ddd 1000
874 uint8_t b = (opcode >> 4) & 7;
876 STATE("bclr %c\n", _sreg_bit_name[b]);
880 switch (opcode & 0xfe0f) {
881 case 0x9000: { // LDS Load Direct from Data Space, 32 bits
882 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
883 uint16_t x = (avr->flash[new_pc+1] << 8) | avr->flash[new_pc];
885 STATE("lds %s[%02x], 0x%04x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], x);
886 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, x));
890 case 0x9004: { // LPM Load Program Memory 1001 000d dddd 01oo
891 uint16_t z = avr->data[R_ZL] | (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8);
892 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
894 STATE("lpm %s, (Z[%04x]%s)\n", avr_regname(r), z, opcode?"+":"");
895 _avr_set_r(avr, r, avr->flash[z]);
898 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZH, z >> 8);
899 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZL, z);
904 case 0x9007: { // ELPM Extended Load Program Memory 1001 000d dddd 01oo
906 _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
907 uint16_t z = avr->data[R_ZL] | (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8) | (avr->data[avr->rampz] << 16);
908 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
910 STATE("elpm %s, (Z[%02x:%04x]%s)\n", avr_regname(r), z >> 16, z&0xffff, opcode?"+":"");
911 _avr_set_r(avr, r, avr->flash[z]);
914 _avr_set_r(avr, avr->rampz, z >> 16);
915 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZH, z >> 8);
916 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZL, z);
921 * Load store instructions
923 * 1001 00sr rrrr iioo
924 * s = 0 = load, 1 = store
925 * ii = 16 bits register index, 11 = Z, 10 = Y, 00 = X
926 * oo = 1) post increment, 2) pre-decrement
930 case 0x900e: { // LD Load Indirect from Data using X 1001 000r rrrr 11oo
932 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
933 uint16_t x = (avr->data[R_XH] << 8) | avr->data[R_XL];
934 STATE("ld %s, %sX[%04x]%s\n", avr_regname(r), op == 2 ? "--" : "", x, op == 1 ? "++" : "");
937 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, x));
939 _avr_set_r(avr, R_XH, x >> 8);
940 _avr_set_r(avr, R_XL, x);
944 case 0x920e: { // ST Store Indirect Data Space X 1001 001r rrrr 11oo
946 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
947 uint16_t x = (avr->data[R_XH] << 8) | avr->data[R_XL];
948 STATE("st %sX[%04x]%s, %s[%02x] \n", op == 2 ? "--" : "", x, op == 1 ? "++" : "", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
951 _avr_set_ram(avr, x, avr->data[r]);
953 _avr_set_r(avr, R_XH, x >> 8);
954 _avr_set_r(avr, R_XL, x);
957 case 0x900a: { // LD Load Indirect from Data using Y 1001 000r rrrr 10oo
959 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
960 uint16_t y = (avr->data[R_YH] << 8) | avr->data[R_YL];
961 STATE("ld %s, %sY[%04x]%s\n", avr_regname(r), op == 2 ? "--" : "", y, op == 1 ? "++" : "");
964 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, y));
966 _avr_set_r(avr, R_YH, y >> 8);
967 _avr_set_r(avr, R_YL, y);
970 case 0x920a: { // ST Store Indirect Data Space Y 1001 001r rrrr 10oo
972 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
973 uint16_t y = (avr->data[R_YH] << 8) | avr->data[R_YL];
974 STATE("st %sY[%04x]%s, %s[%02x] \n", op == 2 ? "--" : "", y, op == 1 ? "++" : "", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
977 _avr_set_ram(avr, y, avr->data[r]);
979 _avr_set_r(avr, R_YH, y >> 8);
980 _avr_set_r(avr, R_YL, y);
982 case 0x9200: { // STS ! Store Direct to Data Space, 32 bits
983 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
984 uint16_t x = (avr->flash[new_pc+1] << 8) | avr->flash[new_pc];
986 STATE("sts 0x%04x, %s[%02x]\n", x, avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
987 _avr_set_ram(avr, x, avr->data[r]);
990 case 0x9002: { // LD Load Indirect from Data using Z 1001 001r rrrr 00oo
992 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
993 uint16_t z = (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8) | avr->data[R_ZL];
994 STATE("ld %s, %sZ[%04x]%s\n", avr_regname(r), op == 2 ? "--" : "", z, op == 1 ? "++" : "");
996 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, z));
998 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZH, z >> 8);
999 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZL, z);
1002 case 0x9202: { // ST Store Indirect Data Space Z 1001 001r rrrr 00oo
1003 int op = opcode & 3;
1004 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1005 uint16_t z = (avr->data[R_ZH] << 8) | avr->data[R_ZL];
1006 STATE("st %sZ[%04x]%s, %s[%02x] \n", op == 2 ? "--" : "", z, op == 1 ? "++" : "", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
1008 _avr_set_ram(avr, z, avr->data[r]);
1010 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZH, z >> 8);
1011 _avr_set_r(avr, R_ZL, z);
1013 case 0x900f: { // POP 1001 000d dddd 1111
1014 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1015 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_pop8(avr));
1016 T(uint16_t sp = _avr_sp_get(avr);)
1017 STATE("pop %s (@%04x)[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), sp, avr->data[sp]);
1020 case 0x920f: { // PUSH 1001 001d dddd 1111
1021 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1022 _avr_push8(avr, avr->data[r]);
1023 T(uint16_t sp = _avr_sp_get(avr);)
1024 STATE("push %s[%02x] (@%04x)\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], sp);
1027 case 0x9400: { // COM – One’s Complement
1028 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1029 uint8_t res = 0xff - avr->data[r];
1030 STATE("com %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res);
1031 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1032 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1033 avr->sreg[S_N] = res >> 7;
1036 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1039 case 0x9401: { // NEG – One’s Complement
1040 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1041 uint8_t rd = avr->data[r];
1042 uint8_t res = 0x00 - rd;
1043 STATE("neg %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), rd, res);
1044 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1045 avr->sreg[S_H] = ((res >> 3) | (rd >> 3)) & 1;
1046 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1047 avr->sreg[S_N] = res >> 7;
1048 avr->sreg[S_V] = res == 0x80;
1049 avr->sreg[S_C] = res != 0;
1050 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1053 case 0x9402: { // SWAP – Swap Nibbles
1054 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1055 uint8_t res = (avr->data[r] >> 4) | (avr->data[r] << 4) ;
1056 STATE("swap %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res);
1057 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1059 case 0x9403: { // INC – Increment
1060 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1061 uint8_t res = avr->data[r] + 1;
1062 STATE("inc %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res);
1063 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1064 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1065 avr->sreg[S_N] = res >> 7;
1066 avr->sreg[S_V] = res == 0x7f;
1067 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1070 case 0x9405: { // ASR – Arithmetic Shift Right 1001 010d dddd 0101
1071 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1072 uint8_t vr = avr->data[r];
1073 uint8_t res = (vr >> 1) | (vr & 0x80);
1074 STATE("asr %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), vr);
1075 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1076 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1077 avr->sreg[S_C] = vr & 1;
1078 avr->sreg[S_N] = res >> 7;
1079 avr->sreg[S_V] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_C];
1080 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1083 case 0x9406: { // LSR 1001 010d dddd 0110
1084 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1085 uint8_t vr = avr->data[r];
1086 uint8_t res = vr >> 1;
1087 STATE("lsr %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), vr);
1088 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1089 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1090 avr->sreg[S_C] = vr & 1;
1092 avr->sreg[S_V] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_C];
1093 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1096 case 0x9407: { // ROR 1001 010d dddd 0111
1097 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1098 uint8_t vr = avr->data[r];
1099 uint8_t res = (avr->sreg[S_C] ? 0x80 : 0) | vr >> 1;
1100 STATE("ror %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), vr);
1101 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1102 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1103 avr->sreg[S_C] = vr & 1;
1105 avr->sreg[S_V] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_C];
1106 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1109 case 0x940a: { // DEC – Decrement
1110 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1111 uint8_t res = avr->data[r] - 1;
1112 STATE("dec %s[%02x] = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], res);
1113 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1114 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1115 avr->sreg[S_N] = res >> 7;
1116 avr->sreg[S_V] = res == 0x80;
1117 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1121 case 0x940d: { // JMP Long Call to sub, 32 bits
1122 uint32_t a = ((opcode & 0x01f0) >> 3) | (opcode & 1);
1123 uint16_t x = (avr->flash[new_pc+1] << 8) | avr->flash[new_pc];
1125 STATE("jmp 0x%06x\n", a);
1131 case 0x940f: { // CALL Long Call to sub, 32 bits
1132 uint32_t a = ((opcode & 0x01f0) >> 3) | (opcode & 1);
1133 uint16_t x = (avr->flash[new_pc+1] << 8) | avr->flash[new_pc];
1135 STATE("call 0x%06x\n", a);
1137 _avr_push16(avr, new_pc >> 1);
1139 cycle += 3; // 4 cycles
1145 switch (opcode & 0xff00) {
1146 case 0x9600: { // ADIW - Add Immediate to Word 1001 0110 KKdd KKKK
1147 uint8_t r = 24 + ((opcode >> 3) & 0x6);
1148 uint8_t k = ((opcode & 0x00c0) >> 2) | (opcode & 0xf);
1149 uint8_t rdl = avr->data[r], rdh = avr->data[r+1];
1150 uint32_t res = rdl | (rdh << 8);
1151 STATE("adiw %s:%s[%04x], 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr_regname(r+1), res, k);
1153 _avr_set_r(avr, r + 1, res >> 8);
1154 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1155 avr->sreg[S_V] = ~(rdh >> 7) & ((res >> 15) & 1);
1156 avr->sreg[S_Z] = (res & 0xffff) == 0;
1157 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 15) & 1;
1158 avr->sreg[S_C] = ~((res >> 15) & 1) & (rdh >> 7);
1159 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1163 case 0x9700: { // SBIW - Subtract Immediate from Word 1001 0110 KKdd KKKK
1164 uint8_t r = 24 + ((opcode >> 3) & 0x6);
1165 uint8_t k = ((opcode & 0x00c0) >> 2) | (opcode & 0xf);
1166 uint8_t rdl = avr->data[r], rdh = avr->data[r+1];
1167 uint32_t res = rdl | (rdh << 8);
1168 STATE("sbiw %s:%s[%04x], 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr_regname(r+1), res, k);
1170 _avr_set_r(avr, r + 1, res >> 8);
1171 _avr_set_r(avr, r, res);
1172 avr->sreg[S_V] = (rdh >> 7) & (~(res >> 15) & 1);
1173 avr->sreg[S_Z] = (res & 0xffff) == 0;
1174 avr->sreg[S_N] = (res >> 15) & 1;
1175 avr->sreg[S_C] = ((res >> 15) & 1) & (~rdh >> 7);
1176 avr->sreg[S_S] = avr->sreg[S_N] ^ avr->sreg[S_V];
1180 case 0x9800: { // CBI - Clear Bit in I/O Register 1001 1000 AAAA Abbb
1181 uint8_t io = ((opcode >> 3) & 0x1f) + 32;
1182 uint8_t b = opcode & 0x7;
1183 uint8_t res = _avr_get_ram(avr, io) & ~(1 << b);
1184 STATE("cbi %s[%04x], 0x%02x = %02x\n", avr_regname(io), avr->data[io], 1<<b, res);
1185 _avr_set_ram(avr, io, res);
1188 case 0x9900: { // SBIC - Skip if Bit in I/O Register is Cleared 1001 0111 AAAA Abbb
1189 uint8_t io = ((opcode >> 3) & 0x1f) + 32;
1190 uint8_t b = opcode & 0x7;
1191 uint8_t res = _avr_get_ram(avr, io) & (1 << b);
1192 STATE("sbic %s[%04x], 0x%02x\t; Will%s branch\n", avr_regname(io), avr->data[io], 1<<b, !res?"":" not");
1194 if (_avr_is_instruction_32_bits(avr, new_pc)) {
1195 new_pc += 4; cycle += 2;
1197 new_pc += 2; cycle++;
1201 case 0x9a00: { // SBI - Set Bit in I/O Register 1001 1000 AAAA Abbb
1202 uint8_t io = ((opcode >> 3) & 0x1f) + 32;
1203 uint8_t b = opcode & 0x7;
1204 uint8_t res = _avr_get_ram(avr, io) | (1 << b);
1205 STATE("sbi %s[%04x], 0x%02x = %02x\n", avr_regname(io), avr->data[io], 1<<b, res);
1206 _avr_set_ram(avr, io, res);
1209 case 0x9b00: { // SBIS - Skip if Bit in I/O Register is Set 1001 1011 AAAA Abbb
1210 uint8_t io = ((opcode >> 3) & 0x1f) + 32;
1211 uint8_t b = opcode & 0x7;
1212 uint8_t res = _avr_get_ram(avr, io) & (1 << b);
1213 STATE("sbis %s[%04x], 0x%02x\t; Will%s branch\n", avr_regname(io), avr->data[io], 1<<b, res?"":" not");
1215 if (_avr_is_instruction_32_bits(avr, new_pc)) {
1216 new_pc += 4; cycle += 2;
1218 new_pc += 2; cycle++;
1223 switch (opcode & 0xfc00) {
1224 case 0x9c00: { // MUL - Multiply Unsigned 1001 11rd dddd rrrr
1226 uint16_t res = vd * vr;
1227 STATE("mul %s[%02x], %s[%02x] = %04x\n", avr_regname(d), vd, avr_regname(r), vr, res);
1228 _avr_set_r(avr, 0, res);
1229 _avr_set_r(avr, 1, res >> 8);
1230 avr->sreg[S_Z] = res == 0;
1231 avr->sreg[S_C] = (res >> 15) & 1;
1234 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
1244 switch (opcode & 0xf800) {
1245 case 0xb800: { // OUT A,Rr 1011 1AAr rrrr AAAA
1246 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1247 uint8_t A = ((((opcode >> 9) & 3) << 4) | ((opcode) & 0xf)) + 32;
1248 STATE("out %s, %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(A), avr_regname(r), avr->data[r]);
1249 _avr_set_ram(avr, A, avr->data[r]);
1251 case 0xb000: { // IN Rd,A 1011 0AAr rrrr AAAA
1252 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f;
1253 uint8_t A = ((((opcode >> 9) & 3) << 4) | ((opcode) & 0xf)) + 32;
1254 STATE("in %s, %s[%02x]\n", avr_regname(r), avr_regname(A), avr->data[A]);
1255 _avr_set_r(avr, r, _avr_get_ram(avr, A));
1257 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
1262 // RJMP 1100 kkkk kkkk kkkk
1263 short o = ((short)(opcode << 4)) >> 4;
1264 STATE("rjmp .%d [%04x]\n", o, new_pc + (o << 1));
1265 new_pc = new_pc + (o << 1);
1271 // RCALL 1100 kkkk kkkk kkkk
1272 short o = ((short)(opcode << 4)) >> 4;
1273 STATE("rcall .%d [%04x]\n", o, new_pc + (o << 1));
1274 _avr_push16(avr, new_pc >> 1);
1275 new_pc = new_pc + (o << 1);
1277 // 'rcall .1' is used as a cheap "push 16 bits of room on the stack"
1284 case 0xe000: { // LDI Rd, K 1110 KKKK RRRR KKKK -- aka SER (LDI r, 0xff)
1285 uint8_t d = 16 + ((opcode >> 4) & 0xf);
1286 uint8_t k = ((opcode & 0x0f00) >> 4) | (opcode & 0xf);
1287 STATE("ldi %s, 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(d), k);
1288 _avr_set_r(avr, d, k);
1292 switch (opcode & 0xfe00) {
1296 case 0xf600: { // All the SREG branches
1297 short o = ((short)(opcode << 6)) >> 9; // offset
1298 uint8_t s = opcode & 7;
1299 int set = (opcode & 0x0400) == 0; // this bit means BRXC otherwise BRXS
1300 int branch = (avr->sreg[s] && set) || (!avr->sreg[s] && !set);
1301 const char *names[2][8] = {
1302 { "brcc", "brne", "brpl", "brvc", NULL, "brhc", "brtc", "brid"},
1303 { "brcs", "breq", "brmi", "brvs", NULL, "brhs", "brts", "brie"},
1305 if (names[set][s]) {
1306 STATE("%s .%d [%04x]\t; Will%s branch\n", names[set][s], o, new_pc + (o << 1), branch ? "":" not");
1308 STATE("%s%c .%d [%04x]\t; Will%s branch\n", set ? "brbs" : "brbc", _sreg_bit_name[s], o, new_pc + (o << 1), branch ? "":" not");
1312 new_pc = new_pc + (o << 1);
1316 case 0xf900: { // BLD – Bit Store from T into a Bit in Register 1111 100r rrrr 0bbb
1317 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f; // register index
1318 uint8_t s = opcode & 7;
1319 uint8_t v = avr->data[r] | (avr->sreg[S_T] ? (1 << s) : 0);
1320 STATE("bld %s[%02x], 0x%02x = %02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], 1 << s, v);
1321 _avr_set_r(avr, r, v);
1324 case 0xfb00:{ // BST – Bit Store into T from bit in Register 1111 100r rrrr 0bbb
1325 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f; // register index
1326 uint8_t s = opcode & 7;
1327 STATE("bst %s[%02x], 0x%02x\n", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], 1 << s);
1328 avr->sreg[S_T] = (avr->data[r] >> s) & 1;
1332 case 0xfe00: { // SBRS/SBRC – Skip if Bit in Register is Set/Clear 1111 11sr rrrr 0bbb
1333 uint8_t r = (opcode >> 4) & 0x1f; // register index
1334 uint8_t s = opcode & 7;
1335 int set = (opcode & 0x0200) != 0;
1336 int branch = ((avr->data[r] & (1 << s)) && set) || (!(avr->data[r] & (1 << s)) && !set);
1337 STATE("%s %s[%02x], 0x%02x\t; Will%s branch\n", set ? "sbrs" : "sbrc", avr_regname(r), avr->data[r], 1 << s, branch ? "":" not");
1339 if (_avr_is_instruction_32_bits(avr, new_pc)) {
1340 new_pc += 4; cycle += 2;
1342 new_pc += 2; cycle++;
1346 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
1350 default: _avr_invalid_opcode(avr);
1353 avr->cycle += cycle;